Measuring relational complexity in oddity discrimination tasks
نویسندگان
چکیده
A relation-based theory of cognition proposes that cognitive capacity is limited, in part, by the maximum arity of a relation that can be processed in working memory (Halford, 1993; Halford, Wilson, & Phillips, submitted). Children below age ve are limited to binary relations, hence have great di culty on transitive inference tasks, which require integration of two binary relations into a ternary relation. This theory attempts to integrate cognitive and developmental data on the basic of a single metric relational arity (number of related arguments). However, the lack of formal analysis into relational information involved in cognitive tasks threatens to undermine its utility. I propose using Natural language Information Analysis Method from relational database theory to analyze relational information in cognitive tasks. To demonstrate the utility of this method, I analyze two tasks: (1) simple oddity; and (2) dimension abstracted oddity. The analysis identi es the peak arity of simple oddity as binary and dimension abstracted oddity (like transitive inference) as ternary. Therefore, the relational theory predicts that dimension abstracted oddity cannot be performed until the median age of ve years, while simple oddity can be performed earlier. The analysis also suggests variations on these tasks, and the peak arity for each variation is examined. 1
منابع مشابه
Activating the medial temporal lobe during oddity judgment for faces and scenes.
Impairments in visual discrimination beyond long-term declarative memory have been found in amnesic individuals, with hippocampal lesions resulting in deficits in scene discrimination and perirhinal cortex damage affecting object discrimination. To complement these findings, the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study found that in healthy participants oddity judgment for novel tria...
متن کاملTraining novel phonemic contrasts: a comparison of identification and oddity discrimination training
High Variability Pronunciation Training (HVPT) is a highly successful alternative to ASR-based pronunciation training. It has been demonstrated that HVPT is effective in teaching the perception of non-native phonemic contrasts, and that this skill generalizes to the perception of unfamiliar words and talkers, transfers to pronunciation, and is retained long-term. HVPT is, however, not efficient...
متن کاملPerirhinal cortex resolves feature ambiguity in configural object recognition and perceptual oddity tasks.
The perirhinal cortex (PRh) has a well-established role in object recognition memory. More recent studies suggest that PRh is also important for two-choice visual discrimination tasks. Specifically, it has been suggested that PRh contains conjunctive representations that help resolve feature ambiguity, which occurs when a task cannot easily be solved on the basis of features alone. However, no ...
متن کاملSelective perceptual impairments after perirhinal cortex ablation.
It has been suggested that the primate perirhinal cortex contributes exclusively to memory. However, recent studies in macaque monkeys have implied that the perirhinal cortex may also contribute to object perception. To investigate whether the perirhinal cortex does contribute to perception, we devised several perceptual oddity tasks in which monkeys had to choose which stimulus of several pres...
متن کاملLearning processes in matching and oddity: the oddity preference effect and sample reinforcement.
Eight pigeons learned either matching (to sample) or oddity (from sample) with or without reward for sample responding. The training stimuli were coarse-white, fine-black, or smooth-mauve gravels in pots with buried grain as the reinforcer. Oddity without sample reward was learned most rapidly, followed by matching with sample reward, oddity with sample reward, and matching without sample rewar...
متن کامل